Tartaria, Tartary or also sometimes calls The Great Tartary (Tartaria Magna in Latin), was the name given by European from the Middle age to the 20th century to Central and Northern Asia. The extension was from the Caspian Sea and the Ural Mountains to the Pacific Ocean.
Where was Tartaria ?
The Tartary encompassed the vast region of Siberia (Russia), Mongolia, Manchuria (China), Turkestan (Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, southern Kyrgyzstan, southwest Kazakhstan and the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (China)) and sometimes Tibet (China). Prior to the 18th century, European had limited knowledge of this area and it is was simply known as Tartary. The so called Tartars (denotes Mongols and Turkic peoples under Mongol rules) populated these areas.
Tartaria map
As knowledge of this region increase further, Europeans started to subdivide Tartary in different sections in functions of the nations or the geographical location. We recognize the following parts:
- Russian Tartary or Great Tartary (Siberia)
- Little Tartary (Crimean Khanate)
- Chinese Tartary (Manchuria)
- Independent Tartary (western Central Asia)
The Tartarian empire
People refer sometimes to the Tartarian empire, but Tartary was not really an empire. However the Mongol Empire occupied most of this region in the 13th century. It was then divided into the Great Horde, Chagatai Khanate, the Yun dynasty and the Ilkhanate.
The decline
Because of the increase knowledge of the Tartary territories, the term is not more in use since the 20th century.
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