The 13 Colonies are the colonies of the British Empire in North America that gave birth to the United States of America in 1776.
Location of the 13 colonies on a map
They are located on the east coast of North America.
They are located between Nova Scotia and Florida, and between the Atlantic and the Appalachians.
Key facts
Government
| Government type | Colonial constitutional monarchy (British Empire) |
| Capital | London, England |
Monarch
| 1607 – 1625 | James I |
| 1625 – 1649 | Charles I |
| 1649 – 1653 | English Council of State |
| 1653 – 1658 | Oliver Cromwel |
| 1658 – 1659 | Richard Cromwel |
| 1659 – 1660 | English Council of State |
| 1660 – 1685 | Charles II |
| 1685 -1688 | James II |
| 1689 – 1702 | William III & Mary II (die in 1694) |
| 1702 – 1714 | Anne |
| 1714 – 1727 | George I |
| 1727 – 1760 | George II |
| 1760 – 1776 | George III |
Timeline
| 1607 | Foundation of Jamestown and the first colony: Virginia |
| 1620 | Foundation of Plymouth and the Massachusetts |
| 1630 | Foundation of Boston (became quickly the intellectual center of New-England) |
| 1664 | New Amsterdam became English and changed name to New York and with it the colony of the same name. |
| 1681 | Foundation of Philadelphia and the colony of Pennsylvania |
| 1732 | Foundation of the 13th colony (Georgia) |
| 1754 | Benjamin Franklin proposes the union of the colonies |
| 1768 | Creation of the Secretary of State for the Colonies |
| 1760 / 1770 | English Parliament imposes new taxes on American settlers |
| 19 avril 1775 | Start of the American Revolutionary War |
| 4 July 1776 | United States Declaration of Independence |
| 3 September 1783 | Treaty of Paris (recognition of the United States of America by England) |
People
| Population | 2 100 000 (1770) |
| Density of population | 3/km2 (7/sq mi) |
| Official languages | English |
| Religion | Protestantism, Roman Catholicism, Judaism, Native American religions |
Geography
| Area | 692 000 km2 ( 267 000 sq mi) |
The thirteen colonies map
List of the 13 colonies
Established between 1607 and 1732, united in 1775, they signed the United States Declaration of Independence in 1776 and separated from Great Britain. This caused the American War of Independence which resulted in the independence of the United States.
| Colony | Establishment |
|---|---|
| Virginia | 1607 |
| Massachusetts | 1620 |
| New Hampshire | 1623 |
| Maryland | 1632 |
| Connecticut | 1635 |
| Rhode Island | 1636 |
| North Carolina | 1653 |
| South Carolina | 1663 |
| Delaware | 1664 |
| New Jersey | 1664 |
| New York | 1664 |
| Pennsylvania | 1681 |
| Georgia | 1732 |
