Argentina

Government
Name	Argentine Republic
Spanish	República Argentina
Government type	Presidential republic
Capital	Buenos Aires (15,154,(2015))
Currency	Peso (ARS)
People
Population (2020)	45,195,777 (31st)
Density of population	14.4 P/km²
Nationality	Argentine
Official languages
Spanish
Ethnic groups (2010)
European (mostly spanish and Italian descent) and mestizo (mixed European and Amerindian ancestry)	97.2%
Amerindian	2.4%
African	0.4%
Religion
nominally Roman Catholic	92%
practicing	< 20%
Protestant	2%
Jewish	2%
Other	4%
Life expectancy (2020)
Male	74.7 years
Female	81.1 years
Total population	77.8 years (74th)
Homicides
Total (2018)	5.3 per 100,000 people (59th)
Literacy (2015)
Definition: age 15 and over can read and write
Male	98.9%
Female	99.1%
Total population	99%
Geography
Land area	2,736,690 km²
water area	43,710 km²
total area	2,780,400 km² (9th)
Mean elevation	595 m
Lowest point
Laguna del Carbon	-105 m
Highest point
Cerro Aconcagua	6,962 m
Land use (2016)
Agricultural land	53.9%
Arable land	13.9%
Permanent crops	0.4%
Permanent pasture	39.6%
Forest	10.7%
Other	35.4%
Urbanization
Urban population (2020)	92.1%
Rate of urbanization	1.07% annual rate of change (2015 – 2020)
Economy
Labor force (2017 – urban areas only)	18,000,000 (33rd)
Agriculture	5.3%
Industry	28.6%
Services (2017 estimate)	66.1%
Unemployment rate (2014)	8.4% (120th)
GDP (PPP) (estimate 2019)
Total	$903.542 billion (25th)
Per capita	$20,055 (56th)
GDP (nominal) (estimate 2019)
Total	$445.469 billion (30th)
Per capita	$9,887 (53rd)
GDP by sector (estimate 2017)
Agriculture	10.8%
Industry	28.1%
Services	61.1%
Exports (2017)	$58.45 billion (49th)
Exports partners (2017)
Brazil	16.1%
US	7.9%
China	7.5%
Chile	4.4%
Imports (2017)	$63.97 billion (48th)
Imports partners (2017)
Brazil	26.9%
China	18.5%
US	11.3%
Germany	4.9%

Argentina on the world map

Argentina top 10 largest cities (2015)

Buenos Aires (3,054,000)
Córdoba (1,519,000)
Rosario (1,429,000)
Mendoza (1,082,000)
San Miguel de Tucumán (868,000)
La Plata (836,000)
Mar del Plata (633,000)
Salta (625,000)
Santa Fe (530,000)
San Juan (513,000)

Demography

Population pyramid data for 2020

Age structure data for 2020

Estimate for 2020:

0-14 years: 24.02% (male 5,629,188/female 5,294,723)
15-24 years: 15.19% (male 3,539,021/female 3,367,321)
25-54 years: 39.6% (male 9,005,758/female 9,002,931)
55-64 years: 9.07% (male 2,000,536/female 2,122,699)
65 years and over: 12.13% (male 2,331,679/female 3,185,262)

Remark: the age structure of a population affects a nation’s key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest.

Population from 1950 to 2020

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Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2019). World Population Prospects 2019, Online Edition. Rev. 1.

Evolution of the life expectancy from 1960 to 2018

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Source: World Development Indicators, The World Bank

Economy

Agriculture:

sunflower seeds, lemons, soybeans, grapes, corn, tobacco, peanuts, tea, wheat, livestock

Industries:

food processing, motor vehicles, consumer durables, textiles, chemicals and petrochemicals, printing, metallurgy, steel

Exports – commodities:

soybeans and derivatives, petroleum and gas, vehicles, corn, wheat

Imports – commodities:

machinery, motor vehicles, petroleum and natural gas, organic chemicals, plastics