Egypt

Government
Name	Arab Republic of Egypt
Arabic	جمهورية مصر العربية
Government type	Presidential republic
Capital	Cairo (9,153,135 (2017))
Currency	Egyptian pound (EGP)
People
Population (2020)	102,334,403 (13th)
Density of population	100 P/km2 (83th)
Nationality	Egyptian
Official languages
Arabic
Ethnic groups (2006)
Egyptian	99.7%
Other	0.3%
Religions (2015)
Muslim (predominantly Sunni)	90%
Life expectancy (2020)
Male	72.3 years
Female	75.3 years
Total population	73.7 years (140th)
Homicides
Total (2012)	2.6 per 100,000 people (89th)
Geography
Land area	995,450 km2
water area	6,000 km2
total area	1,001,450 km2 (31st)
Mean elevation	321 m
Lowest point
Qattara Depression	-133 m
Highest point
Mount Catherine	2,629 m
Land use (2011)
Agricultural land	3.6%
Arable land	2.8%
Permanent crops	0.8%
Permanent pasture	0%
Forest	0.1%
Other	96.3%
Urbanization
Urban population (2020)	42.8%
Rate of urbanization	1.86% annual rate of change (2015 – 2020)
Economy
Labor force (2017)	29.95 million  (22nd)
Labor force by occupation (2015)
Agriculture	25.8%
Industry	25.1%
Services	49.1%
Unemployment rate (2017)	12.2% (161st)
GDP (PPP) (estimate 2019)
Total	$1.391 trillion (19th)
Per capita	$14,023(94th)
GDP (nominal) (estimate 2019)
Total	$302.256 billion (40th)
Per capita	$3,047 (126th)
GDP by sector (estimate 2017)
Agriculture	11.7%
Industry	34.3%
Services	54%
Exports (2017)	$23.3 billion (67th)
Exports partners (2017)
UAE	10.9%
Italy	10%
US	7.4%
UK	5.7%
Turkey	4.4%
Germany	4.3%
India	4.3
Imports (2017)	$59.78 billion (50th)
Imports partners (2017)
China	7.9%
UAE	5.2%
Germany	4.8%
Saudi Arabia	4.6%
US	4.4%
Russia	4.3%

Egypt on the world map

Egypt is located in Africa and more specifically in the Middle East region.

Egypt top 10 largest cities (2017)

1. Cairo (9,153,135)
2. Alexandria (5,039,975)
3. Giza (4,146,340)
4. Shubra El Kheima (1,165,914)
5. Port Said (751,073)
6. Suez (660,592)
7. Mansoura (548,259)
8. El Mahalla El Kubra (522,799)
9. Tanta (508,754)
10. Faiyum (475,139)

Demography

Population pyramid

Age structure data

Estimate for 2020:

• 0-14 years: 33.62% (male 18,112,550/female 16,889,155)
• 15-24 years: 18.01% (male 9,684,437/female 9,071,163)
• 25-54 years: 37.85% (male 20,032,310/female 19,376,847)
• 55-64 years: 6.08% (male 3,160,438/female 3,172,544)
• 65 years and over: 4.44% (male 2,213,539/female 2,411,457)

Remark: the age structure of a population affects a nation’s key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest.

Population from 1950 to 2020

CC BY

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2019). World Population Prospects 2019, Online Edition. Rev. 1.

Evolution of the life expectancy from 1960 to 2018

CC BY

Source: World Development Indicators, The World Bank

Major rivers

Economy

Agriculture:

cotton, rice, corn, wheat, beans, fruits, vegetables; cattle, water buffalo, sheep, goats

Industries:

textiles, food processing, tourism, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, hydrocarbons, construction, cement, metals, light manufactures

Exports – commodities:

crude oil and petroleum products, fruits and vegetables, cotton, textiles, metal products, chemicals, processed food

Imports – commodities:

machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, chemicals, wood products, fuels

Time zone and current time in Egypt

Go to our interactive map to get the current time in Egypt