Macedonia

Government
Name	Republic of North Macedonia
Macedonian	Република Северна Македонија
Albanian	Republika e Maqedonisë së Veriut
Government type	parliamentary republic
Capital	Skopje 506,926 (2002))
Currency	Macedonian denar (MKD)
People
Population (2020)	2,083,380
Density of population	80.1 P/km² (122nd)
Nationality	Macedonian
Official languages
Macedonian
Ethnic groups (2002)
Macedonian	64.2%
Albanian	25.2%
Turkish	3.9%
Romani	2.7%
Serb	1.8%
other	2.2%
note: Romani populations are usually underestimated in official statistics (it may represent 6.5–13%)
Religions (2002)
Macedonian Orthodox	64.8%
Muslim	33.3%
other Christian	0.4%
other and unspecified	1.5%
Life expectancy (2020)
Male	74.2 years
Female	78.6 years
Total population	76.3 years (97th)
Homicides
Total (2018)	1.2 per 100,000 people (131st)
Geography
Land area	25,433 km²
water area	280 km²
total area	25,713 km² (150th)
Mean elevation	741 m
Lowest point
Vardar River	50 m
Highest point
Golem Korab (Maja e Korabit)	2,764 m
Land use (2011)
Agricultural land	44.3%
Arable land	16.4%
Permanent crops	1.4%
Permanent pasture	26.5%
Forest	39.8%
Other	15.9%
Urbanization
Urban population (2020)	58.5%
Rate of urbanization	0.45% annual rate of change (2015 – 2020)
Economy
Labor force (2017)	950,800 (147th)
Labor force by occupation (2013)
Agriculture	16.2%
Industry	29.2%
Services	54.5%
Unemployment rate (2017)	22.4% (191st)
GDP (PPP) (estimate 2019)
Total	$33.822 billion
Per capita	$16,253
GDP (nominal) (estimate 2019)
Total	$12.383 billion
Per capita	$6,143
GDP by sector (estimate 2017)
Agriculture	10.9%
Industry	26.6%
Services	62.5%
Exports (2017)	$4.601 billion (112th)
Exports partners (2017)
Germany	46.7%
Bulgaria	6.1%
Serbia	4.4%
Belgium	4.1%
Imports (2017)	$6.63 billion (115th)
Imports partners (2017)
Germany	11.9%
UK	10%
Greece	8%
Serbia	7.1%
China	5.9%
Italy	5.5%
Turkey	4.5%
Bulgaria	4.3%

Macedonia on the world map

Macedonia top 10 largest cities (2002)

Skopje (506,926)
Bitola (74,550)
Kumanovo (70,842)
Prilep (66,246)
Tetovo (52,915)
Veles (43,716)
Štip (43,652)
Ohrid (42,033)
Gostivar (35,847)
Strumica (35,311)

Demography

Population pyramid

Age structure data

Estimate for 2020:

0-14 years: 16.16% (male 177,553/female 165,992)
15-24 years: 12.65% (male 139,250/female 129,770)
25-54 years: 44.47% (male 480,191/female 465,145)
55-64 years: 12.55% (male 131,380/female 135,407)
65 years and over: 14.17% (male 131,674/female 169,609)

Remark: the age structure of a population affects a nation’s key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest.

Population from 1950 to 2020

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Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2019). World Population Prospects 2019, Online Edition. Rev. 1.

Evolution of the life expectancy from 1960 to 2018

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Source: World Development Indicators, The World Bank

Economy

Agriculture:

grapes, tobacco, vegetables, fruits, milk, eggs

Industries:

food processing, beverages, textiles, chemicals, iron, steel, cement, energy, pharmaceuticals, automotive parts

Exports – commodities:

foodstuffs, beverages, tobacco; textiles, miscellaneous manufactures, iron, steel; automotive parts