Tajikistan

Government
Name	Republic of Tajikistan
Tajik	Ҷумҳурии Тоҷикистон Jumhurii Tojikiston
Government type	presidential republic
Capital	Dushanbe (846,400 (2019))
Currency	Somoni (TJS)
Organization
Member State	Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)
People
Population (2020)	9,537,642 (96th)
Density of population	48.6 P/km2 (155th)
Nationality	Tajikistani
Official languages
Tajik
Ethnic groups (2014)
Tajik	84.3%
Uzbek	13.8%
other	2%
Religions (2014)
Muslim	98%
Sunni	95%
Shia	3%
other	2%
Life expectancy (2020)
Male	65.9 years
Female	72.3 years
Total population	69 years (174th)
Homicides
Total (2011)	1.6 per 100,000 people (115th)
Geography
Land area	141,510 km2
water area	2,590 km2
total area	144,100 km2 (97th)
Mean elevation	3,186 m
Lowest point
Syr Darya (Sirdaryo)	300 m
Highest point
Qullai Ismoili Somoni	7,495 m
Land use (2011)
Agricultural land	34.7%
Arable land	6.1%
Permanent crops	0.9%
Permanent pasture	27.7%
Forest	2.9%
Other	62.4%
Urbanization
Urban population (2020)	27.5%
Rate of urbanization	2.62% annual rate of change (2015 – 2020)
Economy
Labor force (2016)	2.295 million  (118th)
Labor force by occupation (2016)
Agriculture	43%
Industry	10.6%
Services	46.4%
Unemployment rate (2016)	2.4% (25th)
note: official rate ( actual unemployment is much higher)
GDP (PPP) (estimate 2018)
Total	$30.547 billion (132nd)
Per capita	$3,354 (155th)
GDP (nominal) (estimate 2018)
Total	$7.350 billion (147th)
Per capita	$807 (164th)
GDP by sector (estimate 2017)
Agriculture	28.6%
Industry	25.5%
Services	45.9%
Exports (2017)	$873.1 million (165th)
Exports partners (2017)
Turkey	27.5%
China	17.7%
Russia	13.4%
Switzerland	12.5%
Algeria	8.2%
Iran	7.1%
Imports (2017)	$2.39 billion (159th)
Imports partners (2017)
Russia	38%
Kazakhstan	19%
China	8.7%
Iran	4.4%

Tajikistan on the world map

Tajikistan is located on the Asian continent and more specifically in the region of Central Asia.

Tajikistan top 10 largest cities (2019)

1. Dushanbe (846,400)
2. Khujand (181,600)
3. Qurghonteppa (110,800)
4. Kulob (105,500)
5. Istaravshan (64,600)
6. Isfara (59,500)
7. Vahdat (55,000)
8. Tursunzoda (53,700)
9. Konibodom (52,200)
10. Panjakent (42,800)

Demography

Population pyramid

Age structure data

Estimate for 2020:

• 0-14 years: 31.43% (male 1,420,271/female 1,368,445)
• 15-24 years: 18.13% (male 816,658/female 792,231)
• 25-54 years: 40.58% (male 1,789,271/female 1,811,566)
• 55-64 years: 6.23% (male 253,862/female 299,378)
• 65 years and over: 3.63% (male 132,831/female 189,156)

Remark: the age structure of a population affects a nation’s key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest.

Population from 1950 to 2020

CC BY

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2019). World Population Prospects 2019, Online Edition. Rev. 1.

Evolution of the life expectancy from 1960 to 2018

CC BY

Source: World Development Indicators, The World Bank

Economy

Agriculture:

cotton, grain, fruits, grapes, vegetables, cattle, sheep, goats

Industries:

aluminum, cement, coal, gold, silver, antimony, textile, vegetable oil

Exports – commodities:

aluminum, electricity, cotton, fruits, vegetable oil, textiles

Imports – commodities:

petroleum products, aluminum oxide, machinery and equipment, foodstuffs

Time zone and current time in Tajikistan

Go to our interactive map to get the current time in Tajikistan

Historical region

• Tajikistan was known by European from the Middle age to the 20th century as making part of Tartary.