Thailand
| Government | |
| Name | Kingdom of Thailand |
| Thai | ราชอาณาจักรไทย Ratcha-anachak Thai |
| Government type | constitutional monarchy |
| Capital | Bangkok (5,686,646) |
| Currency | Baht (THB) |
| People | |
| Population (2020) | 69,799,978 (22nd) |
| Density of population | 132.1 P/km2 (88th) |
| Nationality | Thai |
| Official languages | |
| Thai | |
| Ethnic groups (2019) | |
| Thai | 86% |
| Central Thai | 39% |
| Thai Lao (Isan) | 28% |
| Khon Muang | 10% |
| Southern Thai | 9% |
| Khmer | 3% |
| Malays | 2% |
| Other (68 minority ethnic groups) | 9% |
| Religions (2015) | |
| Buddhist | 94.6% |
| Muslim | 4.3% |
| Christian | 1% |
| other | 0.1% |
| Life expectancy (2020) | |
| Male | 72.4 years |
| Female | 78.9 years |
| Total population | 75.6 years (113th) |
| Homicides | |
| Total (2017) | 2.6 per 100,000 people (87th) |
| Geography | |
| Land area | 510,890 km2 |
| water area | 2,230 km2 |
| total area | 513,120 km2 (52nd) |
| Mean elevation | 287 m |
| Lowest point | |
| Gulf of Thailand | 0 m |
| Highest point | |
| Doi Inthanon | 2,565 m |
| Land use (2011) | |
| Agricultural land | 41.2% |
| Arable land | 30.8% |
| Permanent crops | 8.8% |
| Permanent pasture | 1.6% |
| Forest | 37.2% |
| Other | 21.6% |
| Urbanization | |
| Urban population (2020) | 51.4% |
| Rate of urbanization | 1.73% annual rate of change (2015 – 2020) |
| Economy | |
| Labor force (2017) | 38.37 million (16th) |
| Labor force by occupation (2015) | |
| Agriculture | 31.8% |
| Industry | 16.7% |
| Services | 51.5% |
| Unemployment rate (2017) | 0.7% (5th) |
| GDP (PPP) (estimate 2019) | |
| Total | $1.390 trillion |
| Per capita | $20,474 |
| GDP (nominal) (estimate 2019) | |
| Total | $516 billion |
| Per capita | $7,607 |
| GDP by sector (estimate 2017) | |
| Agriculture | 8.2% |
| Industry | 36.2% |
| Services | 55.6% |
| Exports (2017) | $235.1 billion (21st) |
| Exports partners (2017) | |
| China | 12.4% |
| US | 11.2% |
| Japan | 9.5% |
| Hong Kong | 5.2% |
| Vietnam | 4.9% |
| Australia | 4.5% |
| Malaysia | 4.4% |
| Imports (2017) | $203.2 billion (25th) |
| Imports partners (2017) | |
| China | 20% |
| Japan | 14.5% |
| US | 6.8% |
| Malaysia | 5.4% |
Thailand on the world map
Thailand top 10 largest cities
- Bangkok (5,686,646)
- Nonthaburi (255,793)
- Pak Kret (189,258)
- Hat Yai (159,627)
- Chaophraya Surasak (132,172)
- Nakhon Ratchasima (131,286)
- Udon Thani (131,192)
- Chiang Mai (131,091)
- Surat Thani (130,114)
- Khon Kaen (120,045)
Demography
Population pyramid
Age structure data
Estimate for 2020:
- 0-14 years: 16.45% (male 5,812,803/female 5,533,772)
- 15-24 years: 13.02% (male 4,581,622/female 4,400,997)
- 25-54 years: 45.69% (male 15,643,583/female 15,875,353)
- 55-64 years: 13.01% (male 4,200,077/female 4,774,801)
- 65 years and over: 11.82% (male 3,553,273/female 4,601,119)
Remark: the age structure of a population affects a nation’s key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest.
Population from 1950 to 2020
Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2019). World Population Prospects 2019, Online Edition. Rev. 1.
Evolution of the life expectancy from 1960 to 2018
Source: World Development Indicators, The World Bank
Economy
Agriculture:
rice, cassava (manioc, tapioca), rubber, corn, sugarcane, coconuts, palm oil, pineapple, livestock, fish products
Industries:
tourism, textiles and garments, agricultural processing, beverages, tobacco, cement, light manufacturing such as jewelry and electric appliances, computers and parts, integrated circuits, furniture, plastics, automobiles and automotive parts, agricultural machinery, air conditioning and refrigeration, ceramics, aluminum, chemical, environmental management, glass, granite and marble, leather, machinery and metal work, petrochemical, petroleum refining, pharmaceuticals, printing, pulp and paper, rubber, sugar, rice, fishing, cassava, world’s second-largest tungsten producer and third-largest tin producer
Exports – commodities:
automobiles and parts, computer and parts, jewelry and precious stones, polymers of ethylene in primary forms, refine fuels, electronic integrated circuits, chemical products, rice, fish products, rubber products, sugar, cassava, poultry, machinery and parts, iron and steel and their products
Imports – commodities:
machinery and parts, crude oil, electrical machinery and parts, chemicals, iron & steel and product, electronic integrated circuit, automobile’s parts, jewelry including silver bars and gold, computers and parts, electrical household appliances, soybean, soybean meal, wheat, cotton, dairy products
Time zone and current time in Thailand
Go to our interactive map to get the current time in Thailand