Cuba

Government
Name	Republic of Cuba
Spanish	República de Cuba
Government type	Communist state
Capital	Havana (2,131,480 (2018))
Currency	Peso (CUP) and Convertible peso (CUC)
People
Population (2020)	11,326,616 (82nd)
Density of population	101.9 P/km2 (81st)
Nationality	Cuban
Official languages
Spanish
Ethnic groups (2012)
White	64.1%
Mulatto or mixed	26.6%
Black	9.3%
Religions (2010)
Christian	59.2%
Folk (includes religions of African origin, spiritualism, and others intermingled with Catholicism or Protestantism)	17.4%
Other	0.4%
None	23%
Life expectancy (2020)
Male	76.8 years
Female	81.7 years
Total population	79.2 years (59th)
Homicides
Total (2016)	5.0 per 100,000 people (63rd)
Geography
Land area	109,820 km2
water area	1,040 km2
total area	110,860 km2 (107th)
Mean elevation	108 m
Lowest point
Caribbean Sea	0 m
Highest point
Pico Turquino	1,974 m
Land use (2011)
Agricultural land	60.3%
Arable land	33.8%
Permanent crops	3.6%
Permanent pasture	22.9%
Forest	27.3%
Other	12.4%
Urbanization
Urban population (2020)	77.2%
Rate of urbanization	0.14% annual rate of change (2015 – 2020)
Economy
Labor force (2017)	4.691 million (86th)
State sector	72.3%
Non-state sector	27.7%
Labor force by occupation (2016)
Agriculture	18%
Industry	10%
Services	72%
Unemployment rate (2017) (unofficial estimates are about double)	2.6% (27th)
GDP (PPP) (estimate 2015)
Total	$254.865 billion
Per capita	$22,237
GDP (nominal) (estimate 2018)
Total	$100.023 billion (62nd)
Per capita	$8,822 (78th)
GDP by sector (estimate 2017)
Agriculture	4%
Industry	22.7%
Services	73.4%
Exports (2017)	$2.63 billion (131st)
Exports partners (2017)
Venezuela	17.8%
Spain	12.2%
Russia	7.9%
Lebanon	6.1%
Indonesia	4.5%
Germany	4.3%
Imports (2017)	$11.06 billion (98th)
Imports partners (2017)
China	22%
Spain	14%
Russia	5%
Brazil	5%
Mexico	4.9%
Italy	4.8%
US	4.5%

Cuba on the world map

Cuba top 10 largest cities (2018)

1. Havana (2,131,480)
2. Santiago de Cuba (433,581)
3. Camagüey (308,902)
4. Holguín (297,433)
5. Santa Clara (216,854)
6. Guantánamo (216,003)
7. Victoria de Las Tunas (173,552)
8. Bayamo (159,966)
9. Cienfuegos (151,838)
10. Pinar del Río (145,193)

Demography

Population pyramid

Age structure data

Estimate for 2020:

• 0-14 years: 16.34% (male 929,927/female 877,035)
• 15-24 years: 11.81% (male 678,253/female 627,384)
• 25-54 years: 41.95% (male 2,335,680/female 2,303,793)
• 55-64 years: 14.11% (male 760,165/female 799,734)
• 65 years and over: 15.8% (male 794,743/female 952,348)

Remark: the age structure of a population affects a nation’s key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest.

Population from 1950 to 2020

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Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2019). World Population Prospects 2019, Online Edition. Rev. 1.

Evolution of the life expectancy from 1960 to 2018

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Source: World Development Indicators, The World Bank

Economy

Agriculture:

sugar, tobacco, citrus, coffee, rice, potatoes, beans, livestock

Industries:

petroleum, nickel, cobalt, pharmaceuticals, tobacco, construction, steel, cement, agricultural machinery, sugar

Exports – commodities:

petroleum, nickel, medical products, sugar, tobacco, fish, citrus, coffee

Imports – commodities:

petroleum, food, machinery and equipment, chemicals

Time zone and current time in Cuba

Go to our interactive map to get the current time in Cuba