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Last update: January, 21 2021

Indonesia

flag of Indonesia
Government
NameRepublic of Indonesia
IndonesianRepublik Indonesia
Government typePresidential republic
CapitalJakarta (10,154,134 (2015))
CurrencyIndonesian rupiah (IDR)
People
Population (2020)273,523,621 (4th)
Density of population138 P/km2 (88th)
NationalityIndonesian
Official languages
Indonesian (Bahasa Indonesia)
note: more than 700 languages are used in Indonesia
Ethnic groups (2010)
Javanese40.1%
Sundanese15.5%
Malay3.7%
Batak3.6%
Madurese3%
Betawi2.9%
Minangkabau2.7%
Buginese2.7%
Bantenese2%
Banjarese1.7%
Balinese1.7%
Acehnese1.4%
Dayak1.4%
Sasak1.3%
Chinese1.2%
Other15%
Religions (2010)
Muslim87.2%
Protestant7%
Roman Catholic2.9%
Hindu1.7%
Other0.9%
Unspecified0.4%
Life expectancy (2020)
Male71.1 years
Female76.5 years
Total population73.7 years (142nd)
Homicides
Total (2017)0.4 per 100,000 people (167th)
Geography
Land area1,811,569 km2
water area93,000 km2
total area1,904,569 km2 (16th)
Mean elevation367 m
Lowest point
Indian Ocean0 m
Highest point
Puncak Jaya4,884 m
Land use (2011)
Agricultural land31.2%
Arable land13%
Permanent crops12.1%
Permanent pasture6.1%
Forest51.7%
Other17.1%
Urbanization
Urban population (2020)56.6%
Rate of urbanization2.27% annual rate of change (2015 – 2020)
Economy
Labor force (2016)125 million  (4th)
Labor force by occupation (2016)
Agriculture32%
Industry21%
Services 47%
Unemployment rate (2017)5.4% (79th)
GDP (PPP) (estimate 2019)
Total$3.740 trillion (7th)
Per capita$14,840 (89th)
GDP (nominal) (estimate 2019)
Total$1.200 trillion (16th)
Per capita$4,460 (106th)
GDP by sector (estimate 2017)
Agriculture13.7%
Industry41%
Services45.4%
Exports (2017)$168.9 billion (29th)
Exports partners (2017)
China13.6%
US10.6%
Japan10.5%
India8.4%
Singapore7.6%
Malaysia5.1%
South Korea4.8%
Imports (2017)$150.1 billion (31st)
Imports partners (2017)
China23.2%
Singapore10.9%
Japan10%
Thailand6%
Malaysia5.6%
South Korea5.3%
US5.2%

Indonesia on the world map

Indonesia on the world map

Indonesia top 10 largest cities (2015)

  1. Jakarta (10,154,134)
  2. Surabaya (2,847,480)
  3. Bekasi (2,708,721)
  4. Bandung (2,480,615)
  5. Medan (2,209,139)
  6. Depok (2,099,989)
  7. Tangerang (2,043,213)
  8. Semarang (1,698,777)
  9. Palembang (1,578,582)
  10. South Tangerang (1,538,970)

Demography

Population pyramid

Population pyramid of Indonesia (2020)

Age structure data

Estimate for 2020:

  • 0-14 years: 23.87% (male 32,473,246/female 31,264,034)
  • 15-24 years: 16.76% (male 22,786,920/female 21,960,130)
  • 25-54 years: 42.56% (male 58,249,570/female 55,409,579)
  • 55-64 years: 8.99% (male 11,033,838/female 12,968,005)
  • 65 years and over: 7.82% (male 9,099,773/female 11,781,271)

Remark: the age structure of a population affects a nation’s key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest.

Population from 1950 to 2020

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Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2019). World Population Prospects 2019, Online Edition. Rev. 1.


Evolution of the life expectancy from 1960 to 2018

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Source: World Development Indicators, The World Bank

Economy

Agriculture:

rubber and similar products, palm oil, poultry, beef, forest products, shrimp, cocoa, coffee, medicinal herbs, essential oil, fish and its similar products, and spices

Industries:

petroleum and natural gas, textiles, automotive, electrical appliances, apparel, footwear, mining, cement, medical instruments and appliances, handicrafts, chemical fertilizers, plywood, rubber, processed food, jewelry, and tourism

Exports – commodities:

mineral fuels, animal or vegetable fats (includes palm oil), electrical machinery, rubber, machinery and mechanical appliance parts

Imports – commodities:

mineral fuels, boilers, machinery, and mechanical parts, electric machinery, iron and steel, foodstuffs

Time zone and current time in Indonesia

Go to our interactive map to get the current time in Indonesia

Sources: