Mozambique

Government
Name	Republic of Mozambique
Portuguese	República de Moçambique
Government type	presidential republic
Capital	Maputo (1,080,277 (2017))
Currency	Mozambican metical (MZN)
Organization
Member State	Commonwealth of Nations
People
Population (2020)	31,255,435 (48th)
Density of population	28.7 P/km2 (178th)
Nationality	Mozambican
Official languages
Portuguese
Ethnic groups (2017)
African	99%
Mestizo	0.8%
Other	0.2%
Religions (2017)
Roman Catholic	27.2%
Muslim	18.9%
Zionist Christian	15.6%
Evangelical / Pentecostal	15.3%
Anglican	1.7%
Other	4.8%
None	13.9%
Unspecified	2.5%
Life expectancy (2020)
Male	54.4 years
Female	57.4 years
Total population	55.9 years (222nd)
Homicides
Total (2011)	3.5 per 100,000 people (77th)
Geography
Land area	786,380 km2
water area	13,000 km2
total area	799,380 km2 (36th)
Mean elevation	345 m
Lowest point
Indian Ocea	0 m
Highest point
Monte Binga	2,436 m
Land use (2011)
Agricultural land	56.3%
Arable land	6.4%
Permanent crops	0.3%
Permanent pasture	49.6%
Forest	43.7%
Other	0%
Urbanization
Urban population (2020)	37.1%
Rate of urbanization	4.35% annual rate of change (2015 – 2020)
Economy
Labor force (2017)	12.9 million  (45th)
Labor force by occupation (2015)
Agriculture	74.4%
Industry	3.9%
Services	21.7%
Unemployment rate (2017)	24.5% (196th)
GDP (PPP) (estimate 2019)
Total	$41.473 billion
Per capita	$1,331
GDP (nominal) (estimate 2019)
Total	$15.372 billion
Per capita	$493
GDP by sector (estimate 2017)
Agriculture	23.9%
Industry	19.3%
Services	56.8%
Exports (2017)	$4.725 billion (110th)
Exports partners (2017)
India	28.1%
Netherlands	24.4%
South Africa	16.7%
Imports (2017)	$5.223 billion (124th)
Imports partners (2017)
South Africa	36.8%
China	7%
UAE	6.8%
India	6.2%
Portugal	4.4%

Mozambique on the world map

Mozambique top 10 largest cities (2017)

1. Maputo (1,080,277)
2. Matola (1,032,197)
3. Nampula (663,212)
4. Beira (592,090)
5. Chimoio (363,336)
6. Tete (307,338)
7. Quelimane (246,915)
8. Lichinga (242,204)
9. Mocuba (240,000)
10. Nacala (225,034)

Demography

Population pyramid

Age structure data

Estimate for 2020:

• 0-14 years: 45.57% (male 6,950,800/female 6,766,373)
• 15-24 years: 19.91% (male 2,997,529/female 2,994,927)
• 25-54 years: 28.28% (male 3,949,085/female 4,564,031)
• 55-64 years: 3.31% (male 485,454/female 509,430)
• 65 years and over: 2.93% (male 430,797/female 449,771)

Remark: the age structure of a population affects a nation’s key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest.

Population from 1950 to 2020

CC BY

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2019). World Population Prospects 2019, Online Edition. Rev. 1.

Evolution of the life expectancy from 1960 to 2018

CC BY

Source: World Development Indicators, The World Bank

Major rivers

• Zambezi (2,575 km / 1,600 mi)
• Limpopo (1,700 km / 1,100 mi)

Economy

Agriculture:

cotton, cashew nuts, sugarcane, tea, cassava (manioc, tapioca), corn, coconuts, sisal, citrus and tropical fruits, potatoes, sunflowers, beef, poultry

Industries:

aluminum, petroleum products, chemicals (fertilizer, soap, paints), textiles, cement, glass, asbestos, tobacco, food, beverages

Exports – commodities:

aluminum, prawns, cashews, cotton, sugar, citrus, timber, bulk electricity

Imports – commodities:

machinery and equipment, vehicles, fuel, chemicals, metal products, foodstuffs, textiles

Time zone and current time in Mozambique

Go to our interactive map to get the current time in Mozambique