Somalia
| Government | |
| Name | Federal Republic of Somalia |
| Somali | Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaaliya |
| Arabic | جمهورية الصومال الاتحادية |
| Government type | federal parliamentary republic |
| Capital | Mogadishu (2,120,000) |
| Currency | Somali shilling (SOS) |
| People | |
| Population (2020) | 15,893,219 (72nd) |
| Density of population | 19.31 P/km2 (199th) |
| Nationality | Somali |
| Official languages | |
| Somali | |
| Arabic | |
| Ethnic groups | |
| Somali | 85% |
| Bantu and other non-Somali | 15% |
| Religions | |
| Sunni Muslim (Islam) – official | |
| Life expectancy (2020) | |
| Male | 51.8 years |
| Female | 56.2 years |
| Total population | 54 years (225th) |
| Homicides | |
| n.a. | |
| Geography | |
| Land area | 627,337 km2 |
| water area | 10,320 km2 |
| total area | 637,657 km2 (45th) |
| Mean elevation | 410 m |
| Lowest point | |
| Indian Ocean | 0 m |
| Highest point | |
| Shimbiris | 2,416 m |
| Land use (2011) | |
| Agricultural land | 70.3% |
| Arable land | 1.8% |
| Permanent crops | 0% |
| Permanent pasture | 68.5% |
| Forest | 10.6% |
| Other | 19.1% |
| Urbanization | |
| Urban population (2020) | 46.1% |
| Rate of urbanization | 4.23% annual rate of change (2015 – 2020) |
| Economy | |
| Labor force (2016) | 4.154 million (91st) |
| Labor force by occupation (1975) | |
| Agriculture | 71% |
| Industry and services | 29% |
| Unemployment rate | NA |
| GDP (PPP) (estimate 2019) | |
| Total | $13.324 billion |
| Per capita | $888 |
| GDP (nominal) (estimate 2019) | |
| Total | $5.218 billion (184th) |
| Per capita | $348 (193rd) |
| GDP by sector (estimate 2013) | |
| Agriculture | 60.2% |
| Industry | 7.4% |
| Services | 32.5% |
| Exports (2014) | $819 million (167th) |
| Exports partners (2017) | |
| Oman | 31.7% |
| Saudi Arabia | 18.7% |
| UAE | 16.3% |
| Nigeria | 5.1% |
| Yemen | 4.8% |
| Pakistan | 4% |
| Imports (2018) | $94.43 billion (38th) |
| Imports partners (2017) | |
| China | 17.6% |
| India | 17.2% |
| Ethiopia | 10.5% |
| Oman | 10.3% |
| Kenya | 6.9% |
| Turkey | 5.3% |
| Malaysia | 4.1% |
Somalia on the world map
Somalia is located in Africa in the Horn of Africa.
Somalia top 10 largest cities
- Mogadishu (2,120,000)
- Hargeisa (1,200,000)
- Bosaso (700,000)
- Galkayo (545,000)
- Borama (415,616)
- Burao (300,400)
- Merca (230,100)
- Jamame (224,700)
- Kismayo (183,300)
- Baidoa (157,500)
Demography
Population pyramid
Age structure data
Estimate for 2020:
- 0-14 years: 42.38% (male 2,488,604/female 2,493,527)
- 15-24 years: 19.81% (male 1,167,807/female 1,161,040)
- 25-54 years: 30.93% (male 1,881,094/female 1,755,166)
- 55-64 years: 4.61% (male 278,132/female 264,325)
- 65 years and over: 2.27% (male 106,187/female 161,242)
Remark: the age structure of a population affects a nation’s key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest.
Population from 1950 to 2020
Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2019). World Population Prospects 2019, Online Edition. Rev. 1.
Evolution of the life expectancy from 1960 to 2018
Source: World Development Indicators, The World Bank
Economy
Agriculture:
bananas, sorghum, corn, coconuts, rice, sugarcane, mangoes, sesame seeds, beans, cattle, sheep, goats, fish
Industries:
light industries, including sugar refining, textiles, wireless communication
Exports – commodities:
livestock, bananas, hides, fish, charcoal, scrap metal
Imports – commodities:
manufactures, petroleum products, foodstuffs, construction materials, qat
Time zone and current time in Somalia
Go to our interactive map to get the current time in Somalia