Uganda

Government
Name	Republic of Uganda
Swahili	Jamhuri ya Uganda
Government type	presidential republic
Capital	Kampala (1,507,114 (2016))
Currency	Ugandan shilling (UGX)
Organization
Member State	Commonwealth of Nations
People
Population (2020)	45,741,000 (35th)
Density of population	157.1 P/km²
Nationality	Ugandan
Official languages
English
Swahili
Ethnic groups (2014)
Baganda	16.5%
Banyankole	9.6%
Basoga	8.8%
Bakiga	7.1%
Iteso	7%
Langi	6.3%
Bagisu	4.9%
Acholi	4.4%
Lugbara	3.3%
other	32.1%
Religions (2014)
Protestant	45.1%
Anglican	32.0%
Pentecostal / Born Again / Evangelical	11.1%
Seventh Day Adventist	1.7%
Baptist	0.3%
Roman Catholic	39.3%
Muslim	13.7%
other	1.6%
none	0.2%
Life expectancy (2020)
Male	66 years
Female	70.5 years
Total population	68.2 years (177th)
Homicides
Total (2018)	10.5 per 100,000 people (33rd)
Geography
Land area	197,100 km²
water area	43,938 km²
total area	241,038 km² (82nd)
Lowest point
Albert Nile	614 m
Highest point
Margherita Peak on Mount Stanley	5,110 m
Land use (2011)
Agricultural land	71.2%
Arable land	34.3%
Permanent crops	11.3%
Permanent pasture	25.6%
Forest	14.5%
Other	14.3%
Urbanization
Urban population (2020)	25%
Rate of urbanization	5.7% annual rate of change (2015 – 2020)
Economy
Labor force (2015)	15.84 million (38th)
Labor force by occupation (2013)
Agriculture	71%
Industry	7%
Services	22%
Unemployment rate (2014)	9.4% (137th)
GDP (PPP) (estimate 2019)
Total	$102.659 billion
Per capita	$2,566
GDP (nominal) (estimate 2019)
Total	$30.765 billion
Per capita	$769
GDP by sector (estimate 2017)
Agriculture	28.2%
Industry	21.1%
Services	50.7%
Exports (2017)	$3.339 billion (124th)
Exports partners (2017)
Kenya	17.7%
UAE	16.7%
Democratic Republic of the Congo	6.6%
Rwanda	6.1%
Italy	4.8%
Imports (2017)	$5.036 billion (127th)
Imports partners (2017)
China	17.4%
India	13.4%
UAE	12.2%
Kenya	7.9%
Japan	6.4%
Saudi Arabia	6.3%
Indonesia	4.4%
South Africa	4.1%

Uganda on the world map

Uganda top 10 largest cities (2016)

Kampala (1,507,114)
Nansana (365,857)
Kira (317,428)
Makindye-Ssabagabo (282,664)
Mbarara (195,160)
Mukono (162,744)
Gulu (149,802)
Lugazi (114,163)
Kasese (103,293)
Masaka (101,557)

Demography

Population pyramid

Age structure data

Estimate for 2020:

0-14 years: 48.21% (male 10,548,913/female 10,304,876)
15-24 years: 20.25% (male 4,236,231/female 4,521,698)
25-54 years: 26.24% (male 5,202,570/female 6,147,304)
55-64 years: 2.91% (male 579,110/female 681,052)
65 years and over: 2.38% (male 442,159/female 589,053)

Remark: the age structure of a population affects a nation’s key socioeconomic issues. Countries with young populations (high percentage under age 15) need to invest more in schools, while countries with older populations (high percentage ages 65 and over) need to invest more in the health sector. The age structure can also be used to help predict potential political issues. For example, the rapid growth of a young adult population unable to find employment can lead to unrest.

Population from 1950 to 2020

CC BY

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2019). World Population Prospects 2019, Online Edition. Rev. 1.

Evolution of the life expectancy from 1960 to 2018

CC BY

Source: World Development Indicators, The World Bank

Economy

Agriculture:

coffee, tea, cotton, tobacco, cassava (manioc, tapioca), potatoes, corn, millet, pulses, cut flowers; beef, goat meat, milk, poultry, and fish

Industries:

sugar processing, brewing, tobacco, cotton textiles; cement, steel production

Exports – commodities:

coffee, fish and fish products, tea, cotton, flowers, horticultural products; gold